Inteligencia Artificial Generativa y ciberseguridad: revisión sistemática sobre oportunidades, amenazas y desafíos de los modelos generativos en la seguridad digital (2021-2026)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i4.1119

Palabras clave:

Automatización, Desarrollo tecnológico, Inteligencia artificial, Seguridad, Transformación digital

Resumen

La transformación digital, ha impulsado la adopción de la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (IAG), en múltiples sectores; en el ámbito de la ciberseguridad, estas tecnologías favorecen la detección de amenazas, y optimización de respuestas ante incidentes; sin embargo, el mismo avance tecnológico ha favorecido, la aparición de nuevas formas de ataque, como el phishing personalizado, y la generación automatizada de malware. El objetivo de estudio fue; analizar la evidencia científica, publicada entre 2021-2026, sobre la aplicación de la IAG en la ciberseguridad, con énfasis en las oportunidades, amenazas, desafíos, y tendencias emergentes asociadas a su implementación. Se desarrolló una revisión sistemática, basada en la metodología PRISMA,  se seleccionaron artículos revisados por pares, publicados en dicho periodo, y relacionados directamente con la aplicación de la IAG en ciberseguridad. Los resultados muestran que, los modelos de lenguaje de gran escala, dominan el campo debido a su utilidad en inteligencia de amenazas, detección de vulnerabilidades, análisis de malware, y automatización de operaciones de seguridad; se reporta riesgos asociados con phishing avanzado, deepfakes, ingeniería social automatizada, y generación de código malicioso. La IAG, se ha consolidado como una tecnología con alto potencial, para fortalecer las capacidades defensivas en ciberseguridad; no obstante, su carácter dual, expone nuevos riesgos que incrementan la complejidad del entorno digital; la evidencia revisada sugiere que, el desarrollo futuro de la ciberseguridad dependerá, tanto de los avances tecnológicos, como de la construcción de marcos éticos, regulatorios y de gobernanza, capaces de garantizar un uso seguro, transparente, y responsable de estas herramientas.

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Citas

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Publicado

2026-10-08

Cómo citar

Chamorro Chinlle, A. F., Cabezas Cabezas, R. F., Espinoza Bravo, M. G., Farfan Chiun, J. E., & Panozo Ramírez, W. M. (2026). Inteligencia Artificial Generativa y ciberseguridad: revisión sistemática sobre oportunidades, amenazas y desafíos de los modelos generativos en la seguridad digital (2021-2026). ASCE MAGAZINE, 5(4), 85–104. https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i4.1119

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