Análisis contaminación de suelos por metales pesados en áreas mineras

María Fernanda Guartán Cabrera; José Arturo Guartán Medina; Carmen Natalia Lindao Rosero; Fabián Roberto Allauca Pancho

doi:10.70577/asce.v5i1.629

Autores/as

María Fernanda Guartán Cabrera Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH) https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4717-1765
José Arturo Guartán Medina Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8918-4891
Carmen Natalia Lindao Rosero Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH) https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6303-6565
Fabián Roberto Allauca Pancho Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7668-3053

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i1.629

Palabras clave:

Contaminación, Metales, Minería, Sostenibilidad, Toxicidad.

Resumen

Las actividades antrópicas como la minería, traen consigo la emisión de contaminantes como, metales pesados como Co, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, los cuales se pueden concentrar en suelos y agua, afectando la vegetación, la microbiota en zonas aledañas a explotaciones mineras, por lo que son un factor de riesgo para la salud humana, por eso el objetivo de esa investigación fue determinar los niveles de explotación minera en particular asociadas a metales que pueden causas de contaminación y relacionarlo con el reporte de contaminación de suelos, agua y alteraciones de la salud publica en los países de mayor actividad minera, mediante un análisis bibliométrico en bases de datos científicas como Scopus, Scielo, Latindex y Google académico, de los cuales se seleccionaron lo que están relacionados con problemas de contaminación de suelos y aguas por actividades antrópicas. Los resultados revelan evidencian en un alarmante aumento de los niveles de contaminación de fuentes de agua, ríos y lagos, por la explotación minera de metales pesados y explotaciones auríferas y de aluminio, lo que trae como consecuencia una menor disponibilidad de agua potable, la degradación de suelos aptos para la producción agrícola y el incremento de los riesgos de problemas de salud pública, por la presencia de estos.

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