Calidad y efecto agronómico del bioabono elaborado a partir de lodos residuales de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales en el cultivo de rábano Crimson Giant (Raphanus sativus Major)

Edmundo Danilo Guilcapi Pacheco; Vicente Javier Parra León; Susana Monserrath Zurita Polo; Cristian Santiago Tapia Ramírez; Lisseth Paola Ortiz Cruz

doi:10.70577/asce.v5i1.685

Authors

Edmundo Danilo Guilcapi Pacheco Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-1437
Vicente Javier Parra León Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-2474
Susana Monserrath Zurita Polo Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5325-486X
Cristian Santiago Tapia Ramírez Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2104-5972
Lisseth Paola Ortiz Cruz Investigador externo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4760-6854

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i1.685

Keywords:

Vermicomposting; Sewage sludge; Biofertilizer; Eisenia foetida; Radish

Abstract

The proper management of sewage sludge generated in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) represents a major environmental and public health challenge due to its high microbial load and the risks associated with its final disposal. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of a biofertilizer produced through vermicomposting using Eisenia foetida and domestic sludge from the “El Peral” WWTP, located in Ambato, Ecuador, as well as to assess its agronomic effect on radish (Raphanus sativus var. Crimson Giant).

The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replicates. Physicochemical, microbiological, and parasitological parameters were analyzed before and after the biotransformation process. The results showed a marked improvement in the nutritional quality of the treated material, particularly in treatment T4, which presented the highest values of organic matter and macronutrients, including nitrogen (0.39%), phosphorus (3.01%), and calcium (1.96%).

However, pathogen reduction varied among treatments, with residual loads of coliforms and Salmonella detected in some cases. Agronomic evaluation revealed that radish plants fertilized with T4 biofertilizer had higher protein and fiber contents, although the presence of Enterobacter/Klebsiella bacteria was confirmed. In conclusion, while vermicomposting significantly improves the nutritional quality of sewage sludge, the resulting biofertilizer should be mainly used for forestry purposes or soil restoration due to the sanitary risks associated with its application in crops intended for direct human consumption.

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