Harmonic Analysis in Low Voltage Networks by Non-Linear Luminaires
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/ASCE/1073.1088/2025Keywords:
Harmonics; Luminaires; Power QualityAbstract
This document addresses the impact of harmonics generated by lighting fixtures on low-voltage distribution networks. In this context, electrical distribution companies are responsible for supplying energy to residential, commercial, and small industrial consumers, including public lighting systems. Although these fixtures have low individual demand, their high number and the use of non-linear technologies such as LED, sodium, or metal halide lamps generate harmonic distortions in the network, affecting the quality of the electrical supply. This study focuses on analyzing the harmonics generated by non-linear lighting fixtures and their impact on real low-voltage networks. Initially, 150W sodium and LED luminaires were experimentally characterized using a power quality analyzer in controlled environments, measuring parameters such as total harmonic distortion (THD) of voltage and current, as well as individual harmonics, in accordance with IEEE 519 and IEEE 1159 standards. Subsequently, a real low-voltage network was modeled using a georeferenced system, incorporating the obtained harmonics and considering the diversified demand of users. The results show that, although the harmonics generated by the luminaires are significant, especially those of order 3 and 5, their impact on the system is mitigated by the presence of larger linear loads. However, the increasing penetration of non-linear luminaires could compromise service quality if not managed properly.
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