Alteraciones cardiovasculares asociadas a trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en primigestas

Rosa María Montalvo Pantoja; Sonia Mireya Cárdenas Enríquez; Naomi Salome Flores Santander

doi:10.70577/asce.v4i4.524

Authors

Rosa María Montalvo Pantoja Universidad Politécnica Estatal Del Carchi https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9653-0346
Sonia Mireya Cárdenas Enríquez Universidad Politécnica Estatal Del Carchi https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3145-0306
Naomi Salome Flores Santander Universidad Politécnica Estatal Del Carchi https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1026-4697

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v4i4.524

Keywords:

Primiparous Woman, Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy, Preeclampsia, Cardiovascular Risk, Nursing.

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in primiparous women represent an early window of cardiovascular risk; however, their impact on cardiac and vascular alterations and their implications for nursing are underestimated. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA in PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO (2019-2025) on primiparous women with hypertensive disorders and cardiovascular alterations, selecting 25 articles that met predefined criteria. Results: The studies show concentric remodeling of the left ventricle, diastolic dysfunction, decreased myocardial strain, and increased arterial stiffness, with postpartum persistence; in addition, an increased risk of chronic hypertension, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and stroke is observed in the medium and long term. Discussion: The findings indicate that these disorders should be considered markers of systemic vascular disease and an opportunity for preventive interventions led by nurses in prenatal care and postpartum follow-up. Conclusions: Primigravidas with hypertensive disorders require cardiovascular monitoring and educational programs that address future risk, strengthening the strategic role of nursing in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in women.

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References

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