Efectividad de un bundle perioperatorio liderado por enfermería para prevenir la infección del sitio quirúrgico mediante la administración oportuna de antibióticos profilácticos, el control de glucosa y temperatura, y la evitación del rasurado preoperator

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.941

Palabras clave:

infección del sitio quirúrgico, bundle perioperatorio, profilaxis antibiótica, control glucémico, normotermia

Resumen

Se evaluó la efectividad de un bundle perioperatorio liderado por enfermería para prevenir la infección del sitio quirúrgico mediante profilaxis antibiótica oportuna, control de glucosa y temperatura, y evitación del rasurado preoperatorio. Se realizó una revisión sistemática según PRISMA 2020, con búsqueda en PubMed MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library y LILACS, además de revisión manual. Se incluyeron 20 estudios publicados entre 2021 y 2025, con desenlace primario de infección del sitio quirúrgico, habitualmente a 30 días. Predominaron diseños cuasiexperimentales y de mejora de calidad, con dos ensayos pragmáticos. La síntesis mostró reducciones relevantes cuando existieron brechas de proceso y se alcanzó alta adherencia al paquete, con descensos reportados en colon, apendicectomía de urgencia y cirugía cardiaca. En entornos con estándar basal elevado, un ensayo no evidenció beneficio incremental. El cumplimiento total se asoció con menor infección frente a cumplimiento parcial, destacando el rol de listas de verificación, auditoría y retroalimentación por turno. En conclusión, el bundle es más efectivo cuando se implementa con alta fidelidad, coordinación y liderazgo sostenido de enfermería.

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Publicado

2026-06-19

Cómo citar

Bautista Sinchico , A. C. B. S., Tobar Espinosa , K. N., Diaz Tamba , D. A., López Reyes , S. L., & Realpe Sandoval , J. de los Ángeles. (2026). Efectividad de un bundle perioperatorio liderado por enfermería para prevenir la infección del sitio quirúrgico mediante la administración oportuna de antibióticos profilácticos, el control de glucosa y temperatura, y la evitación del rasurado preoperator. ASCE MAGAZINE, 5(2), 3462–3494. https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.941

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