Estrategias de control vectorial y riesgo de contagio de dengue en Latinoamérica: revisión sistemática

Marcia N Aldaz Chicaiza; Darlyn G.  Machado Tapia; Brigithe E. Londo Tierra; Lizbeth G. Silva Guayasamin; Andrés S. Cisneros Barahona

doi:10.70577/asce.v5i1.681

Authors

Marcia N Aldaz Chicaiza Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9110-3290
Darlyn G. Machado Tapia Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6932-486X
Brigithe E. Londo Tierra Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1080-6125
Lizbeth G. Silva Guayasamin Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7701-4142
Andrés S. Cisneros Barahona Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2524-041X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i1.681

Keywords:

Latin America; Arbovirosis; Vector control; Dengue; Wolbachia

Abstract

Dengue is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus mosquitoes. These vectors carry the DENV virus, which has four different serotypes. In Latin America, climatic and socioeconomic conditions facilitate the reproduction of these mosquitoes. This study seeks to examine the connection between vector control tactics and the risk of dengue transmission in Latin America during the period 2021-2025.

A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted using a non-experimental design and a descriptive and explanatory approach following the PRISMA 2020 method. Studies were searched for in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, identifying 327 articles at the outset. After applying filters, 11 studies remained that met the requirements: conducted in Latin American countries, freely accessible, and published within the specified period. Four main interventions were reviewed: introduction of Wolbachia wMel in mosquitoes, sterilization methods (SIT/NVC, IIT-SIT), use of repellents in spaces, and AGO mass trapping.

The results varied depending on the level of coverage of the interventions. When Wolbachia reached more than 60%, cases fell by 95% in Colombia and 69% in Brazil. Mosquito sterilization achieved a 97% reduction in cases. AGO traps reduced the number of females by 47% with 84% coverage. Repellents decreased cases by 34.1%. However, with low coverage, the effects were smaller: Rio de Janeiro achieved only 32% coverage with Wolbachia and reduced dengue by 38%. To control the disease effectively, the following is needed: coverage of at least 60%, maintaining interventions over time, and adjusting them to each local context. This information can be used to design science-based public health policies.

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