Pre-eclampsia and hypertensive disorders: diagnosis and management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.785Keywords:
preeclampsia, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, diagnosis, clinical management, maternal healthAbstract
This article addresses preeclampsia and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy as a priority maternal and perinatal health problem due to their high clinical burden and their potential to cause serious complications for both mother and fetus. The objective was to analyze recent scientific evidence on the diagnosis and management of these conditions, with an emphasis on current diagnostic criteria, therapeutic strategies, and postpartum follow-up. To this end, a descriptive and analytical literature review was conducted, based on the search, selection, and synthesis of scientific literature published in indexed databases and relevant technical documents. The results showed that the contemporary approach to preeclampsia has moved beyond the diagnostic model limited to proteinuria and adopted a multisystemic perspective based on the identification of maternal organ damage and uteroplacental dysfunction. Furthermore, it was shown that angiogenic biomarkers provided value in risk stratification, that timely antihypertensive treatment and the use of magnesium sulfate remained cornerstones of management, and that determining the timing of delivery continued to be crucial in clinical outcomes. It was concluded that the management of these disorders required a comprehensive, up-to-date, and continuous approach, extending to the postpartum period and the prevention of future cardiovascular risk.
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