Benefits of a nutritional strategy to prevent the development of osteoporosis in older adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.817Keywords:
osteoporosis; strategy; nutrition; older adults; prevention; educationAbstract
Osteoporosis represents a global public health problem due to its high prevalence and its impact on morbidity, mortality and quality of life among older people. The aim of the research was to analyse the benefits of a nutritional strategy for preventing osteoporosis through a systematic review of relevant scientific literature. A PRISMA methodology with a bibliographic-documentary approach was used, examining 20 articles selected from databases such as Research Rabbit, Scopus and PubMed. The findings show that the most effective strategies focus on structured dietary patterns, notably the Mediterranean, Nordic and DASH diets, which benefit bone health due to their high intake of protein, calcium, vitamin D and anti-inflammatory substances. Furthermore, it is recognised that nutrition education and frequency of consumption are fundamental pillars for ensuring adherence to healthy habits. On the other hand, it is apparent that the inclusion of anthropometric indicators such as BMI and energy expenditure is limited, and there is also little standardisation regarding the use of nutritional supplements. Furthermore, much of the research does not include objective clinical criteria such as the T-score, highlighting a lack of integration between clinical assessment and nutritional prevention. It is concluded that a comprehensive nutritional strategy is highly effective in preventing osteoporosis, but future research must be strengthened by incorporating anthropometric and clinical indicators that enable a more accurate and comprehensive analysis.
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