Hiperlipidemia mixta secundaria a malnutrición como causa de esteatosis hepática no alcohólica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.811Palabras clave:
hiperlipidemia; desnutrición; esteatosis; cirrosis; lipotoxicidadResumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación etiológica entre la hiperlipidemia mixta secundaria a malnutrición y desarrollo de enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA), dilucidando su papel en la progresión de la fibrosis y la cirrosis. Teóricamente, el estudio se basa en un modelo de "efectos múltiples", donde la lipotoxicidad por exceso de colesterol y triglicéridos, sumada a la resistencia a la insulina y la disbiosis del eje intestino-hígado, conduce a estrés oxidativo, disfunción mitocondrial e inflamación hepatocelular. Metodológicamente se ha realizado una revisión, análisis y descripción de la literatura mediante una revisión sistemática basada en las directrices PRISMA 2020, analizando 38 artículos científicos procedentes de bases de datos internacionales publicados en el periodo entre 2020 y 2025. Los resultados sugieren que la hiperlipidemia mixta causada tanto por una dieta rica en proteínas como por frutos secos libres de proteínas es promovida por el azúcar. Activa las vías fibrogénicas, dañando la microcirculación.
Además, la disbiosis intestinal secundaria y la sarcopenia aumentan dramáticamente la vulnerabilidad del paciente cirrótico a las endotoxinas y la descompensación clínica.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Maribel Emperatriz Romero Orellana, Odalys Doménica Capa Macas, Edmo Ramiro Jara Guerrero
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