Ingeniería de tejidos: Uso de matrices dérmicas acelulares cargadas con células madre mesenquimales para la reparación de defectos óseos y de cobertura cutánea en trauma pediátrico severo

Gabriela Nicole Benítez Álvarez; George Enrique Chávez Alvarado; Carlos Agustín David Parrales; Wuilton Alember Gómez Cabrera; Dayanna Cristina  Miño Armijos

doi:10.70577/asce.v5i1.672

Autores/as

Gabriela Nicole Benítez Álvarez Investigador independiente https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1455-334X
George Enrique Chávez Alvarado Investigador independiente https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4225-7318
Carlos Agustín David Parrales Investigador independiente https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6332-4219
Wuilton Alember Gómez Cabrera Investigador independiente https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7747-7838
Dayanna Cristina Miño Armijos Investigador independiente https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2218-2741

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i1.672

Palabras clave:

Ingeniería de Tejidos, Matriz Dérmica Acelular, Células Madre Mesenquimales, Trauma Pediátrico, Regeneración Ósea, Cobertura Cutánea

Resumen

Introducción: El trauma pediátrico severo puede resultar en defectos óseos y pérdida de cobertura cutánea que requieren soluciones reconstructivas avanzadas. La ingeniería de tejidos emerge como una alternativa promisoria mediante el uso de matrices dérmicas acelulares (MDA) cargadas con células madre mesenquimales (CMM).

Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de las MDA cargadas con CMM en la reparación de defectos óseos y cobertura cutánea en pacientes pediátricos con trauma severo.

Métodos: Revisión sistemática de estudios experimentales y clínicos publicados entre 2018 y 2024, utilizando bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science. Se incluyeron estudios que reportaran resultados histológicos, radiológicos y funcionales.

Resultados: Las MDA cargadas con CMM demostraron osteoinducción y regeneración cutánea significativas, con reducción en el tiempo de cicatrización y menor tasa de infecciones en comparación con tratamientos convencionales.

Conclusiones: Esta estrategia bioingenieril representa una opción viable y segura para la reconstrucción dual ósea y cutánea en trauma pediátrico severo, aunque se requieren estudios a largo plazo para consolidar su aplicabilidad clínica.

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