Inteligencia Artificial en la gestión de los servicios de salud: Estado actual y perspectivas futuras

Dennys Raquel Ortiz Luzuriaga; Victor Euclides Briones Morales

doi:10.70577/ASCE/483.502/2025

Autores/as

Dennys Raquel Ortiz Luzuriaga Universidad Técnica de Machala https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2952-5951
Victor Euclides Briones Morales Universidad Técnica de Machala https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2394-4624

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/ASCE/483.502/2025

Palabras clave:

Inteligencia Artificial; Administración de Servicios de Salud; Aprendizaje Automático; Eficiencia Organizacional; Control de Costos; Toma de Decisiones.

Resumen

Los sistemas de salud enfrentan desafíos crecientes por el aumento en la demanda de atención, el envejecimiento poblacional y la escasez de recursos, por lo que, la inteligencia artificial (IA), surge como una herramienta clave para optimizar la gestión de los servicios de salud, mejorando la eficiencia operativa y la calidad de la atención.

Objetivo: Analizar el uso de la Inteligencia Artificial como herramienta en la gestión de servicios de salud.

Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental y retrospectivo y de revisión bibliográfica. Se realizó la búsqueda de artículos publicados entre 2019 y 2025, en bases de datos como PubMed y Scopus, con términos como "Inteligencia Artificial”, “Gestión de Servicios de Salud" “Administración de Servicios de Salud”, “Aprendizaje Automático”, “Eficiencia Organizacional”, “Control de Costos”, “Toma de Decisiones”; mediante la metodología PICO, se seleccionaron 22 artículos.

Resultados: La inteligencia artificial optimiza recursos con precisiones entre el 88.7-100%, reduce costos hasta un 59% y mejora la eficiencia operativa (AUC 0.82-0.90), destacando su capacidad para anticipar demandas y gestionar personal, aunque requiere capacitación previa para su adopción.

Conclusión: La IA fortalece los sistemas de salud al mejorar la gestión de recursos y procesos, incrementando la calidad de la atención y la sostenibilidad, siempre que se apoye en infraestructura y formación adecuadas.

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