Rol de enfermería en el manejo y monitoreo del paciente con sepsis y shock séptico en unidades de cuidados críticos

Jacqueline de los Ángeles Realpe Sandoval; José Luis Aguilar Mejía; Anderson Paul  Cuasapaz Luna

doi:10.70577/asce.v5i2.882

Autores/as

Jacqueline de los Ángeles Realpe Sandoval Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-158X
José Luis Aguilar Mejía Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8816-404X
Anderson Paul Cuasapaz Luna Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9766-3930

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.882

Palabras clave:

sepsis, shock séptico, enfermería en cuidados críticos, monitorización clínica, revisión sistemática

Resumen

El presente artículo analizó el rol de enfermería en el manejo y monitoreo del paciente con sepsis y shock séptico en unidades de cuidados críticos, mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura científica reciente. La metodología se desarrolló conforme a PRISMA 2020, con búsqueda en PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, considerando estudios publicados entre 2019 y 2025 en español, inglés y portugués. Los resultados evidenciaron que enfermería desempeñó un papel esencial en la detección precoz del deterioro clínico, la activación de protocolos, la administración oportuna de antibióticos y fluidoterapia, la vigilancia continua de signos de hipoperfusión y la coordinación con el equipo interdisciplinario. También se identificó que la efectividad del cuidado estuvo influida por factores organizacionales como la dotación de personal, la disponibilidad de herramientas estandarizadas y la calidad de la comunicación interprofesional. Se concluyó que enfermería constituyó un eje central en la respuesta frente a la sepsis, aunque persisten vacíos investigativos sobre su participación en la monitorización hemodinámica avanzada del shock séptico en las unidades de terapia intensiva contemporánea de alta complejidad.

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