Non-communicable diseases: Analysis and identification of the main diseases in Latin countries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v4i4.549Keywords:
Latin America, Quantitative analysis, Non-communicable disease, Mortality, Public healthAbstract
The mortality rate from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has been increasing, with more than 80% of these deaths occurring annually in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this research is to analyze and identify the main NCDs in Latin American countries such as Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru. The research employed a quantitative, qualitative, descriptive, and critical approach. The database was obtained from the Pan American Health Organization. Data analysis was conducted with a 95% confidence level, and the results are presented as population rates, considering geographic area, rate type, and year (2010 and 2021). When evaluating mortality rates caused by NCDs in various countries in America, Mexico was identified as the country with the highest number of deaths in the two years evaluated (205.9%-year-2010 and 257.49%-year-2021); Five non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were identified as the most representative, and the country with the highest mortality rate for each disease was linked (ischemic heart disease = Colombia 73% in 2010 and 116% in 2021, stroke = Bolivia 53.5% in 2010 and 46% in 2021, kidney disease = Bolivia 54.1% in 2010 and 71% in 2021, diabetes mellitus = Mexico 54.1% in 2010 and 71% in 2021, and liver cirrhosis = Bolivia 25.6% in 2010 and 27% in 2021). It was found that NCDs significantly affect all developing countries and those with low investment in public health, such as Latin America; Mexico was identified as the nation with the highest mortality rate.
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