Evolution of foreign trade indices: Indicators of food and livestock products in Latin American countries during the period 2020-2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.900Keywords:
Agroeconomics, Food, Latin America, International trade, Evolution, Economic systemAbstract
Foreign trade in food and livestock products is a strategic activity for Latin American economies due to its contribution to economic growth, job creation, and increased export revenues. However, between 2020 and 2024, the region faced uncertainty stemming from changes in international prices, logistical disruptions, and fluctuations in global demand. Therefore, the objective of this research was to analyze the evolution of foreign trade indices for food and livestock products in Latin American countries during the period 2020-2024, with the aim of identifying differences in competitiveness, export stability, and adaptation to the international market. The research employed a quantitative, descriptive, and comparative approach, with a non-experimental, longitudinal design. Data were obtained from the FAOSTAT database using indicators related to the export value of food and livestock products. The results revealed heterogeneous behaviors among the countries analyzed. Peru stood out for maintaining stability and sustained growth in its exports, while Mexico showed less volatility and greater consistency. Ecuador, in turn, registered significant increases in export value after 2022. In contrast, Argentina experienced strong fluctuations, and Bolivia showed temporary expansions followed by significant reductions. It was confirmed that Latin American agri-food exports evolved unevenly; countries with more consolidated export structures showed greater capacity to adapt to international volatility, while others demonstrated dependence on external factors and less competitive sustainability.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Sonnia Soraya Urbina Bustos , Yonatan Calizaya Ramos , Jonathan Gabriel Castro Castro , Byron Leoncio Díaz Monroy , Anderson Mateo Guevara Guevara
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