Determining the most serious criminal offense in cases of ideal concurrence of offenses

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.965

Keywords:

ideal concurrence of offenses, most serious criminal offense, proportionality, legal certainty, reinforced judicial reasoning.

Abstract

This article addresses the practical indeterminacy involved in identifying, within the ideal concurrence of offenses, which criminal offense should be regarded as the most serious when a single act simultaneously satisfies the constituent elements of more than one criminal offense. This difficulty arises because Article 21 of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP) provides that the penalty corresponding to the most serious offense shall be applied, yet it does not establish a specific method for determining such seriousness. This lack of guidance may lead to divergent and potentially arbitrary judicial decisions. The general objective was to identify and systematize legal, dogmatic, and jurisprudential parameters that make it possible to determine the greater seriousness in cases of ideal concurrence, as well as to delimit functional criteria for distinguishing it from real concurrence and preventing duplicative punishment. The methodology employed was qualitative, descriptive, and legal-documentary in nature. The findings show that the determination of the most serious offense must be grounded in comprehensive, verifiable, and proportionate reasoning, taking into account the abstract penalty, the intensity of the harm caused to the protected legal interest, and the typical structure of the criminal offenses applicable to the same act. It is concluded that such determination requires legally controllable criteria, reinforced judicial reasoning, and a proportionality analysis, in order to guarantee legal certainty, prevent judicial arbitrariness, and ensure the constitutional validity of criminal proceedings.

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References

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Published

2026-06-26

How to Cite

Tamay Carrión, M. P., Vega Jiménez , M. N., Vela Andrade, N. D., & Zapata Morejón, S. N. (2026). Determining the most serious criminal offense in cases of ideal concurrence of offenses. ANNALS SCIENTIFIC EVOLUTION, 5(2), 3856–3873. https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.965

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