Medición del Capital Intelectual: Análisis de Reconocimiento Contable de Activos Intangibles en Instituciones de Bolívar, Ecuador

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v4i4.570

Palabras clave:

Capital Intelectual, Activos Intangibles, NIC 38, Gestión Del Conocimiento, Información Financiera.

Resumen

El presente estudio analiza la medición del capital intelectual y el reconocimiento contable de activos intangibles en instituciones de la provincia de Bolívar, Ecuador. La investigación responde a la creciente disparidad entre el valor económico generado por las organizaciones a través de sus recursos intangibles y su representación en los estados financieros bajo Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera. Se empleó un enfoque metodológico mixto que combinó análisis documental de estados financieros de 47 instituciones con entrevistas semiestructuradas a 18 profesionales contables de los sectores educativo, financiero cooperativo, agroindustrial y servicios profesionales. Los resultados evidencian que el 78% de las instituciones analizadas no reconocen contablemente componentes significativos de su capital intelectual, identificándose una brecha promedio del 34% entre el valor en libros y el valor económico estimado. Las principales barreras incluyen restricciones normativas de la NIC 38 para intangibles generados internamente, limitaciones técnicas en metodologías de valoración y escasa cultura organizacional orientada a la gestión del conocimiento. El estudio concluye que resulta necesario implementar sistemas complementarios de información que visibilicen el capital intelectual mediante indicadores no financieros, sin contravenir el marco regulatorio vigente, contribuyendo así a una representación más fidedigna del valor institucional.

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Citas

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Publicado

2025-12-19

Cómo citar

Cunalata Quingaguano, J. E., & Monar Verdezoto, M. A. (2025). Medición del Capital Intelectual: Análisis de Reconocimiento Contable de Activos Intangibles en Instituciones de Bolívar, Ecuador. ASCE MAGAZINE, 4(4), 3211–3236. https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v4i4.570

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