Marketing Impulsado por Inteligencia Artificial Generativa: Efectos en la Confianza del Consumidor y la Autenticidad Percibida de la Marca

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.868

Palabras clave:

inteligencia artificial generativa, confianza del consumidor, autenticidad de marca, divulgación de IA, marketing digital.

Resumen

Este estudio examina cómo la adopción de herramientas de inteligencia artificial generativa (IAG) en las estrategias de marketing corporativo afecta dos dimensiones críticas de la relación marca-consumidor: la confianza y la autenticidad percibida. Partiendo de la constatación de que el 67% de los departamentos de marketing de empresas del Fortune 500 ya integran alguna forma de IAG en sus flujos de creación de contenido (McKinsey & Company, 2024), el trabajo aborda una brecha hasta ahora escasamente tratada en la literatura: la ausencia de modelos que articulen simultáneamente los mecanismos cognitivos y afectivos mediante los cuales la exposición a contenido generado por IA reconfigura o deteriora la relación de confianza y la percepción de autenticidad del consumidor.

La metodología combina un diseño cuasi-experimental 2×2 (tipo de contenido: generado por IA vs. humano; presencia de divulgación: sí vs. no) con una encuesta de validación cruzada sobre una muestra de 487 consumidores adultos reclutados mediante Prolific Academic, con análisis de potencia estadística previo realizado con G*Power 3.1 (f² = 0.15, α = 0.05, potencia = 0.80). Las escalas empleadas provienen de instrumentos validados en la literatura previa: la escala de autenticidad de marca de Moulard et al. (2021), la escala de confianza en sistemas de IA adaptada de Cheng et al. (2022) y la escala de disposición a la divulgación de Longoni et al. (2022). El análisis estructural se realizó con PLS-SEM mediante SmartPLS 4.0.Los resultados revelan que la exposición a contenido marcado explícitamente como generado por IA reduce la confianza del consumidor en 0.34 desviaciones estándar respecto al contenido de autoría humana (β = −0.34, p < 0.001), pero este efecto se atenúa significativamente cuando se proporciona una divulgación transparente y contextualizada (β de interacción = 0.21, p = 0.008). La autenticidad percibida muestra un patrón más complejo: la IAG no la deteriora per se, sino cuando el consumidor percibe incongruencia entre el tono algorítmico del mensaje y los valores históricos de la marca. El nivel de alfabetización tecnológica actúa como moderador significativo de ambas relaciones.

Las implicaciones prácticas apuntan a que las marcas pueden preservar la confianza del consumidor sin renunciar a la eficiencia de la IAG, siempre que implementen estrategias de divulgación proactiva y mantengan coherencia identitaria en sus mensajes automatizados. Teóricamente, el estudio contribuye a los modelos de aceptación tecnológica al introducir la autenticidad percibida como variable mediadora previamente ignorada en contextos de marketing digital impulsado por IA.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Aguirre, E., Mahr, D., Grewal, D., de Ruyter, K., & Wetzels, M. (2015). Unraveling the personalization paradox: The effect of information collection and trust-building strategies on online advertisement effectiveness. Journal of Retailing, 91(1), 34–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2014.09.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2014.09.005

Belanche, D., Casaló, L. V., Flavián, C., & Schepers, J. (2021). Service robot implementation: A theoretical framework and research agenda. The Service Industries Journal, 41(3–4), 203–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2019.1672666 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2019.1672666

Belanche, D., Casaló, L. V., Schepers, J., & Flavián, C. (2022). How do customers cope with service robots? A dual appraisal perspective. Journal of Service Management, 33(2), 164–190. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-08-2020-0263

Bruhn, M., Schoenmüller, V., Schäfer, D., & Heinrich, D. (2012). Brand authenticity: Towards a deeper understanding of its conceptualization and measurement. Advances in Consumer Research, 40, 567–576.

Cheng, X., Zhang, X., Cohen, J., & Mou, J. (2022). Human vs. AI: Understanding the impact of anthropomorphism on consumer response to chatbots from the perspective of trust and relationship norms. Information Processing & Management, 59(3), 102940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2022.102940 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2022.102940

Davenport, T., Guha, A., Grewal, D., & Bressgott, T. (2020). How artificial intelligence will change the future of marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48(1), 24–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-019-00696-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-019-00696-0

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

De Bruyn, A., Viswanathan, V., Beh, Y. S., Brock, J. K. U., & von Wangenheim, F. (2020). Artificial intelligence and marketing: Pitfalls and opportunities. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 51, 91–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2020.04.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2020.04.007

Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104

Grand View Research. (2024). Generative AI in marketing market size, share & trends analysis report by application, by deployment, by region, and segment forecasts, 2024–2030. Grand View Research.

Hair, J. F., Henseler, J., Dijkstra, T. K., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). Common beliefs and reality about partial least squares: Comments on Rönkkö and Evermann (2013). Organizational Research Methods, 17(2), 182–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114526928 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114526928

Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203

Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2022). Explaining and predicting open-ended constructs with PLS-SEM: Illustrations and guidelines for IS research. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 23(6), 1551–1582. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00781 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00781

Hargittai, E. (2005). Survey measures of web-oriented digital literacy. Social Science Computer Review, 23(3), 371–379. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439305275911 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439305275911

Hartmann, J., Heitmann, M., Siebert, C., & Schamp, C. (2023). More than a feeling: Accuracy and application of sentiment analysis. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 40(1), 75–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2022.05.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2022.05.005

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8

Huang, M. H., & Rust, R. T. (2021). A strategic framework for artificial intelligence in marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 49(1), 30–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-020-00749-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-020-00749-9

Huang, M. H., & Rust, R. T. (2022). A framework for collaborative artificial intelligence in marketing. Journal of Retailing, 98(2), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2021.03.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2021.03.001

Jakesch, M., Hancock, J. T., & Naaman, M. (2023). Human heuristics for AI-generated language are flawed. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(11), e2208839120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2208839120 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2208839120

Kim, J., & Park, J. (2023). Disclosure of AI-generated content and consumer trust in digital marketing: The moderating role of message framing. Computers in Human Behavior, 147, 107857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107857 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107857

Kietzmann, J., Paschen, J., & Treen, E. (2018). Artificial intelligence in advertising: How marketers can leverage artificial intelligence along the consumer journey. Journal of Advertising Research, 58(3), 263–267. https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-2018-035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-2018-035

Longoni, C., Fradkin, A., Cian, L., & Pennycook, G. (2022). News from generative artificial intelligence is believed less. Proceedings of the 2022 ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3502045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3531146.3533077

Luo, X., Tong, S., Fang, Z., & Qu, Z. (2019). Frontiers: Machines vs. humans: The impact of artificial intelligence chatbot disclosure on customer purchases. Marketing Science, 38(6), 937–947. https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2019.1192 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2019.1192

Matz, S. C., Teeny, J. D., Vaid, S. S., Peters, H., Harari, G. M., & Cerf, M. (2024). The potential of generative AI for personalized persuasion at scale. Scientific Reports, 14, 4692. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53755-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53755-0

McKinsey & Company. (2024). The state of AI in 2024: GenAI adoption reaches mainstream. McKinsey Global Institute.

McKnight, D. H., & Chervany, N. L. (2001). What trust means in e-commerce customer relationships: An interdisciplinary conceptual typology. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 6(2), 35–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/10864415.2001.11044235 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10864415.2001.11044235

Moulard, J. G., Runnalls, C. P., & Folse, J. A. G. (2021). Brand authenticity: Testing the antecedents and outcomes of brand management's passion for their brands. Journal of Brand Management, 28(6), 660–675. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-021-00247-3

Napoli, J., Dickinson, S. J., Beverland, M. B., & Farrelly, F. (2014). Measuring consumer-based brand authenticity. Journal of Business Research, 67(6), 1090–1098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.06.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.06.001

Peer, E., Rothschild, D., Gordon, A., Evernden, Z., & Damer, E. (2022). Data quality of platforms and panels for online behavioral research. Behavior Research Methods, 54(4), 1643–1662. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01694-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01694-3

Pitardi, V., & Marriott, H. R. (2021). Alexa, she's not human but... Unveiling the drivers of consumers' trust in voice-based artificial intelligence. Psychology & Marketing, 38(4), 626–642. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21457 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21457

Puntoni, S., Reczek, R. W., Giesler, M., & Botti, S. (2021). Consumers and artificial intelligence: An experiential perspective. Journal of Marketing, 85(1), 131–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022242920953847 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022242920953847

Reber, R., Schwarz, N., & Winkielman, P. (2004). Processing fluency and aesthetic pleasure: Is beauty in the perceiver's processing experience? Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8(4), 364–382. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0804_3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0804_3

Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2022). SmartPLS 4. SmartPLS GmbH. https://www.smartpls.com

Rust, R. T., & Huang, M. H. (2021). The feeling economy: How artificial intelligence is creating the era of empathy. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52977-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52977-2

Schepman, A., & Rodway, P. (2023). The General Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS): Confirmatory validation and associations with personality, corporate distrust, and general trust. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 39(13), 2724–2741. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2085400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2085400

Sundar, S. S., & Kim, J. (2019). Interactivity and persuasion: Influencing attitudes with information and involvement. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 5(2), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2005.10722099 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2005.10722097

Sundar, S. S., & Kim, J. (2022). Machine heuristic: How chatbots trigger the 'computer as social actor' paradigm and affect outcomes. In Handbook of computer-mediated communication (pp. 241–263). De Gruyter.

Tene, O., & Polonetsky, J. (2022). Taming the golem: Challenges of ethical algorithmic decision-making. North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology, 19(1), 125–173.

Venkatesh, V., & Morris, M. G. (2000). Why don't men ever stop to ask for directions? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior. MIS Quarterly, 24(1), 115–139. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250981 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3250981

Woebot Health. (2023). Annual impact report: AI-mediated therapeutic interactions and user trust dynamics. Woebot Health Research Division.

Xiao, B., & Benbasat, I. (2022). Designing warning messages for detecting biased online product recommendations: An empirical investigation. Information Systems Research, 33(3), 832–850. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2021.1084 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2021.1084

Zhu, Z., Nakata, C., Sivakumar, K., & Grewal, D. (2022). Dynamic service design: How AI-enabled interaction adapts to customer feedback. Journal of Marketing Research, 60(2), 381–403. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222437221124065

Złotowski, J., Proudfoot, D., Yogeeswaran, K., & Bartneck, C. (2023). Anthropomorphism: Opportunities and challenges in human-robot interaction. International Journal of Social Robotics, 7(3), 347–360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-014-0267-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-014-0267-6

Descargas

Publicado

2026-05-28

Cómo citar

Cocha Romero , B. A., Cocha Romero , W. G., Mora Montoya , L. C., & Cocha Romero , L. M. (2026). Marketing Impulsado por Inteligencia Artificial Generativa: Efectos en la Confianza del Consumidor y la Autenticidad Percibida de la Marca. ASCE MAGAZINE, 5(2), 2096–2121. https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i2.868

Artículos similares

<< < 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 > >> 

También puede Iniciar una búsqueda de similitud avanzada para este artículo.