Educación para la salud en la prevención del síndrome metabólico en adultos de la comunidad Sabanilla

Katherine Xeomara Galarza Medina; Kevin Joel Díaz Valencia; Gina Priscila Orellana Jadán; Alex Adrián Reyes Tapia; Jeniffer Elizabeth Aspiazu Muñoz

doi:10.70577/ASCE/1407.1417/2025

Authors

Katherine Xeomara Galarza Medina Universidad Metropolitana https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3105-1232
Kevin Joel Díaz Valencia ECOTEC https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5637-0903
Gina Priscila Orellana Jadán Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7253-8996
Alex Adrián Reyes Tapia Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-9856
Jeniffer Elizabeth Aspiazu Muñoz Investigador Independiente https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9340-1623

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/ASCE/1407.1417/2025

Keywords:

Metabolic Syndrome, Nursing, Health Education, Preventive Medicine.

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a set of conditions that affects health and increases the risk of heart disease, such as high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. This problem is considered a growing threat in rural communities with limited access to education and health services. The objective of this research was to analyze the impact of health education on the prevention of metabolic syndrome in people aged 40 to 60 in the Sabanilla community.

To this end, a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted. The population was 459 adults (INEC, 2020), and a random sample of 15 people was selected. A structured questionnaire with 15 closed questions, validated by expert judgment, was implemented to assess aspects such as eating habits, physical activity, personal medical history, and level of awareness of the syndrome. The results revealed that 66% were overweight or obese, 73% frequently consumed unhealthy foods, 60% did not engage in physical activity, and only 20% identified that metabolic syndrome could be prevented with lifestyle changes.

It was concluded that there is a direct relationship between low educational levels, poor eating habits, and lack of awareness about metabolic syndrome. Educational interventions, as part of nursing, are key to disease promotion and prevention. The implementation of educational workshops and ongoing prevention and self-care campaigns is recommended.

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