Temporal trends in hypertension and cardiovascular disease burden in Latin American countries: a comparative approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i3.1025Keywords:
Latin America, Comparative analysis, Cardiovascular disease, Statistical inference, Time seriesAbstract
In Latin America, arterial hypertension is a highly prevalent risk factor; however, the cardiovascular disease burden varies across countries due to disparities in access to healthcare services, socioeconomic conditions, and the institutional capacity of each region. Furthermore, a scarcity of regional comparative studies limits the understanding of these differences and hinders the design of public policies tailored to specific contexts. The objective of this research was to analyze the temporal trends of arterial hypertension and the cardiovascular disease burden in Latin American countries. A quantitative, comparative, longitudinal study was conducted using data from the Pan American Health Organization covering the 2010–2019 period for Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru; the analysis employed descriptive statistics, time series, scatter plots, Pearson correlation, simple linear regression, and analysis of variance using R Studio 4.6.0. Results showed that Colombia and Ecuador recorded the highest prevalence rates of hypertension, while Mexico exhibited the highest cardiovascular burden; the correlation between the two variables was negative and weak (r = -0.27), with no evidence of statistically significant temporal changes; the findings revealed distinct trajectories across the countries. It was concluded that cardiovascular burden depends not only on the prevalence of hypertension but also on health-related, institutional, and socioeconomic factors; the observed differences underscore the need to design prevention and control strategies tailored to the specific characteristics of each country.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Patricia Equilea Veizaga , Jessica Andrea Encalada Falconí , Adrián Jhair Flores Equilea, Eddy Santiago Guilcatoma Santillán , Silvia Paulina Inga Huilca
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