Riesgos obstétricos y perinatales asociados al embarazo no planificado en mujeres con antecedentes de cirugía bariátrica

Karen Anahí Romero Freire; Joe Alexander León Coronel; Sixto Isaac Chiliquinga Villacís

doi:10.70577/asce.v5i1.741

Authors

Karen Anahí Romero Freire Universidad Técnica de Machala https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0497-8215
Joe Alexander León Coronel Universidad Técnica de Machala https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9449-6321
Sixto Isaac Chiliquinga Villacís Universidad Técnica de Machala https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-5348

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70577/asce.v5i1.741

Keywords:

Bariatric Surgery; Unplanned Pregnancy; Obstetric Risks; Reproductive Health; Maternal Nutrition.

Abstract

Bariatric surgery is recognized as an effective procedure for the management of morbid obesity; however, anatomical and physiological alterations of the gastrointestinal tract may lead to significant complications during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine obstetric and perinatal risks associated with unplanned pregnancies in women with a history of bariatric surgery. A retrospective observational study with a quantitative and descriptive approach was conducted, including the review of 82 medical records from patients treated in El Oro Province, Ecuador. The findings revealed that micronutrient malabsorption was associated with iron-deficiency anemia, hypovitaminosis, and dumping syndrome in mothers, while fetal and neonatal outcomes showed a higher incidence of intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, and admission to neonatal intensive care units. It is concluded that the absence of reproductive planning and reduced efficacy of oral contraceptives due to malabsorption increase maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary follow-up and adherence to the recommended postoperative safety interval to ensure metabolic stability during gestation.

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